Definition
Pendine ulcer is a skin disease that begins with a papule that turns into either a pustule or directly into an ulcer, covered with or without a scab; the size of the ulcer can range from a pea to a plum, palm, or even more; after the ulcer heals, a superficial, more or less pigmented scar remains in its place.
Location of localization
Ulcers are localized most often in open areas of the body (forearms, shins). They range in number from 1 to 140 or more and are rarely accompanied by fever and general body changes.
The course of the disease
The disease occurs sporadically and endemologically, lasts from 2 to 8 months and is characteristic not only of humans, but also of animals. The course of the Pendine ulcer can be divided into three periods: the first period is the formation of papules on the skin and its transition to an ulcer, the second is the flowering of the ulcer and the third is scarring. The appearance of a papule is often preceded by itching for several weeks, which either disappears, or one or more scattered or grouped small pink papules appear in its place. When pressed with a finger, the color of the papule disappears. Sometimes in the first days, more often after 3-4 weeks, the papule turns into a pustule and becomes covered with a scab, and the pink rim darkens and expands. Even more often, the tip of the papule does not turn into a pustule, but necrotises and crusts. In both cases, an ulcer forms under the scab. The fever that occurs during this time of the ulcer's existence sometimes reaches 39°, 39.5° and even 40°.
The developed Pendine ulcer has the size of a five-ruble coin, its edges are sharply cut off and swollen, hard, red or blue-purple; when pressed with a finger on them, this color disappears, replaced by brown, which is a sign of pigment deposition. This coloration is followed by a pink or red band of hyperemia towards the periphery. The edges of the ulcer are often covered, the bottom initially looks like the bottom of a soft chancre, the separation is abundant, pus-like; after cleansing the ulcer, its bottom granulates, becomes more or less red, and finally, after 4-6 months, it is covered with healthy granulations.
Ulcers present a variety of options, which is partly determined by the location of their localization and especially by the patient's diet. A characteristic feature of all these ulcers is lymphangitis, which runs in the direction of the lymph flow and forms swellings or nodes in places. Scarring, ulcers leave a round or oval smooth scar, more or less pigmented.
Causes of the disease
Tropical or Pendine ulcer is caused by the parasite Leishmania tropica.
Disease
recognition Recognition of Pendine ulcer is based on the insensitivity of ulcers, their location, and most importantly, the presence of cords and nodes running along the lymphatic vessels. In addition, microscopic examination of ulcers for the presence of Leishmania tropica is crucial.
Forecast
The prognosis is almost always favorable, with the exception of rare cases of internal organ disease. Some 1xBet promotions combine casino entertainment with sports betting advantages. New players using the 1xbet promo code today may unlock a package that includes free spins for the casino and bonus funds for sports wagers. This mix allows users to explore both sections of the platform without committing to one category only. Such hybrid bonuses are ideal for players who enjoy variety and want to balance slot play with betting on live matches.
